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Related Concept Videos

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
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Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
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Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
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PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning01:22

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Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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The sequence of removing or doffing PPE starts with the gloves, as they are the most contaminated. Next is removal of the face shield or goggles, as they would interfere with removing other PPE. Then remove the gown, followed by the mask or respirator. Perform hand hygiene between steps if hands become contaminated and immediately after removing all PPE. Generally, the outside front and sleeves of the isolation gown, the goggles or the mask, the respirator, and the face shield are contaminated.
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Exploring the operational logistics of implementing isolation protocols at equestrian facilities.

G K Turcotte1, T L O'Sullivan1, K L Spence1

  • 1University of Guelph, Ontario Veterinary College, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.

Preventive Veterinary Medicine
|June 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Implementing biosecurity protocols in equestrian facilities faces challenges like weather and time constraints. However, a subset of these measures can effectively reduce pathogen transmission, improving equine health.

Keywords:
BiosecurityEquineHome facilityInfection controlIsolation activity

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Health Management
  • Equine Biosecurity

Background:

  • Equine travel increases pathogen exposure risk for both traveling and resident horses.
  • A gap exists between established biosecurity standards and their practical implementation in equestrian facilities.
  • Effective biosecurity is crucial for maintaining equine health and welfare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore challenges and opportunities in implementing biosecurity protocols at equestrian facilities.
  • To assess the feasibility of biosecurity measures using a mock pathogen isolation activity.
  • To identify practical solutions for integrating biosecurity into daily equestrian operations.

Main Methods:

  • A fluorescent spray was used as a mock pathogen proxy across seven Ontario equestrian facilities.
  • Qualitative, descriptive summaries and survival analysis were employed to analyze data.
  • Pre- and post-study interviews gathered participant insights on protocol feasibility.

Main Results:

  • Key challenges identified include weather, staff training, time constraints, and compliance issues.
  • Horse-level factors like turnout and stabling also impact biosecurity implementation.
  • A subset of biosecurity practices can significantly reduce non-airborne transmission risk.

Conclusions:

  • Biosecurity is not an all-or-nothing approach; partial implementation can be effective.
  • Findings suggest incorporating feasible biosecurity measures into daily operations is achievable.
  • This approach supports the continuous maintenance of equine health and welfare.