Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

2.5K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.5K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

9.1K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
9.1K
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

6.9K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
6.9K
Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

Maintenance of the ES Cell State

2.2K
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
2.2K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

2.2K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.2K
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

2.2K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Structural and functional benchmarking of monolayer- and bioreactor-generated hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes.

APL bioengineering·2026
Same author

Zwitterionic polymer nanocomposite hydrogels with immunoregulation for effectively preventing postoperative abdominal adhesions.

Biomaterials·2026
Same author

Miniaturized subcutaneous cellular implants for sustained therapeutic protein delivery in resource-limited settings.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

SORBS2 regulates diastolic function through cytoskeletal networks and calcium handling.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Sinomenine alleviates ulcerative colitis by targeting FXR to regulate arachidonic acid metabolism and Th17/Treg homeostasis.

European journal of pharmacology·2026
Same author

Zwitterionic Polymers: Synthesis, Architectures, Properties, and Biomedical Applications.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
09:07

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

Published on: June 21, 2016

8.2K

Pioneer factor ETV2 safeguards endothelial cell specification by recruiting the repressor REST to restrict

Danyang Chen1, Xiaonuo Fan1, Ninghe Sun2,3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Nature Cardiovascular Research
|June 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

ETV2 overexpression in stem cells drives endothelial cell (EC) specification by activating EC genes and recruiting REST to block other cell fates. This reveals key mechanisms for regenerative medicine.

More Related Videos

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:14

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 3, 2015

7.5K
Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
04:23

Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 31, 2021

2.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation
09:07

Prediction and Validation of Gene Regulatory Elements Activated During Retinoic Acid Induced Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

Published on: June 21, 2016

8.2K
Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:14

Direct Induction of Hemogenic Endothelium and Blood by Overexpression of Transcription Factors in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 3, 2015

7.5K
Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
04:23

Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: March 31, 2021

2.2K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cell fate specification is crucial for development and regenerative medicine.
  • ETV2 is a known master regulator of endothelial cell (EC) lineage specification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms by which ETV2 overexpression specifies ECs from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors.
  • To define the scope of ETV2's pioneering activity and identify its direct downstream targets.

Main Methods:

  • Chromatin cleavage under фильме (CUT&RUN)
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
  • Single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq)
  • Functional screening
  • Candidate validation

Main Results:

  • ETV2 overexpression efficiently specified ECs and suppressed alternative cell fates.
  • Identified direct downstream target genes of ETV2.
  • Discovered essential cofactors for EC specification, including GABPA and REST.
  • ETV2 recruits the repressor REST to suppress non-EC lineage genes.

Conclusions:

  • ETV2 acts as a pioneer factor that not only activates EC-specific genes but also recruits repressors like REST to block alternative lineage commitment.
  • Provides a high-resolution molecular understanding of EC specification.
  • Highlights the dual role of pioneer factors in cell fate determination.