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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates
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Long-Range Spin Transport in Chiral Gold.

Tapan Kumar Das1, Offek Marelly2, Shira Yochelis2

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chiral gold films enable spin information transfer over microns at room temperature, overcoming typical metal limitations. This breakthrough utilizes a novel Hall effect for efficient spin transport in spintronics applications.

Keywords:
Hall effectchiralityinterconnectspin

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Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Spintronics logic elements require efficient spin interconnects for information transfer.
  • Electron spin diffusion length in metals at room temperature is typically limited to tens or hundreds of nanometers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate room-temperature spin information transfer over distances exceeding typical metal limitations.
  • To investigate the mechanism of spin transport in chiral gold films.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication and characterization of chiral gold films.
  • Measurement of spin information transfer distances at room temperature.
  • Analysis of the accompanying Hall effect without an external magnetic field.
  • Verification of spin diffusion length using frequency-dependent Hall effect measurements.

Main Results:

  • Spin information was transferred over several microns in chiral gold films at room temperature.
  • A novel, field-independent Hall effect was observed during spin conduction.
  • Spin diffusion length measurements were consistent with a spin-effective lifetime in the nanosecond range.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral gold films facilitate long-distance spin transport at room temperature, surpassing conventional material limits.
  • The observed field-independent Hall effect is linked to spin dynamics within the chiral structure.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced spintronic devices utilizing efficient spin interconnects.