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Related Concept Videos

Family Therapy01:30

Family Therapy

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Family therapy conceptualizes psychological challenges as arising from dysfunctional interactions within the family unit, rather than as isolated issues within individuals. This approach seeks to address and transform the patterns of communication, roles, and relationships within families to promote healthier dynamics and emotional well-being for all members.
Strategic Family Therapy
Strategic family therapy emphasizes resolving communication barriers and improving problem-solving abilities...
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Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

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Diana Baumrind's four parenting styles — authoritarian, authoritative, neglectful, and permissive — each influence children's socio-emotional development differently.
Authoritarian Parenting
This style is strict and controlling, with little room for open dialogue. Authoritarian parents demand obedience and often enforce rules with minimal warmth. Children raised this way may lack social skills and initiative, usually comparing themselves to others unfavorably.
Authoritative...
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

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The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
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Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

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Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
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Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity01:23

Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity

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Adolescence is a pivotal period of identity formation, during which individuals begin to answer questions central to their sense of self, such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I hope to become?" Both parents and peers play critical roles in guiding adolescents through this complex developmental phase.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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Parents Plus Systemic, Solution-Focused Parent Training Programs: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Claire O'Dwyer1,2, Conal Twomey3, Brid Davis1,2

  • 1School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.

Family Process
|June 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parent Plus (PP) programs are effective systemic interventions for child behavior issues. This updated meta-analysis confirms PP programs improve child behavior, goal attainment, and parental satisfaction while reducing stress.

Keywords:
child behavior problemsgoal attainmentmeta‐analysismultifamily group therapyparent satisfactionparent stressparent trainingsystemic therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychology
  • Family Therapy
  • Evidence-Based Interventions

Background:

  • Parent Plus (PP) programs are systemic, solution-focused, group-based interventions.
  • These programs address child and adolescent behavioral and emotional problems.
  • An updated meta-analysis was needed to reflect recent research since 2017.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update a previous meta-analysis on the effectiveness of Parent Plus (PP) programs.
  • To synthesize findings from recent studies evaluating PP programs.
  • To assess the impact of PP programs on child behavior, goal attainment, parental satisfaction, and stress.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled and uncontrolled trials.
  • Searched PsycINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, and ERIC databases (Jan 2014-Jan 2016).
  • Included 21 studies with 1179 families; evaluated risk of bias using RoB2 and ROBINS-I.

Main Results:

  • Significant positive effect sizes favoring PP programs were found for child behavior (g=0.42), goal attainment (g=1.22), parental satisfaction (g=0.67), and parental stress (g=0.45).
  • The pool of PP studies increased by 25% since the last meta-analysis.
  • Identified risk of bias in primary studies as a key limitation.

Conclusions:

  • Parent Plus (PP) programs are evidence-based, systemic interventions.
  • PP programs demonstrate positive outcomes for families with children facing various challenges, including behavioral problems, post-divorce adjustment, intellectual disability, ADHD, and obesity risk.
  • The findings support the continued use and development of PP programs.