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Related Concept Videos

Pozzolans01:21

Pozzolans

104
Pozzolans are siliceous or aluminous materials blended with Portland cement. They interact with the calcium hydroxide produced during the hydration of Portland cement and contribute to improved strength and durability of concrete. The pozzolanic activity, a measure of a pozzolan's effectiveness, is typically assessed using the strength activity index, as defined in ASTM C 618-93, which calculates the ratio of the compressive strength of cement mixtures with and without pozzolan.
Fly ash is...
104
Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

118
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
118
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

121
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
121
Mortar Properties01:17

Mortar Properties

116
Mortar properties encompass a range of characteristics crucial for construction and masonry work, including workability, water retention, bond strength, durability, compressive strength, volume change, and appearance. Workability refers to mortar's ability to be easily applied and manipulated without sagging or falling off surfaces, which is important for efficient masonry unit placement and alignment. Water retention is essential to prevent the mortar from losing moisture too quickly to...
116
Additives and Fillers in Concrete01:29

Additives and Fillers in Concrete

92
Additives and fillers are integral to enhancing the properties of concrete. Pozzolans and blast-furnace slag are additives or admixtures due to their reactions with calcium hydroxide released during cement hydration. Fillers, which are finely ground and similar in fineness to Portland cement, improve concrete attributes such as workability density, and reduce capillary bleeding or cracking. Some fillers possess hydraulic properties or participate in benign reactions within the cement paste.
The...
92
Abrasion Resistance of Concrete01:23

Abrasion Resistance of Concrete

114
Abrasion resistance is an essential characteristic of concrete that determines its durability and longevity under various wear conditions. Concrete surfaces are vulnerable to different types of abrasion. For instance, surfaces may wear down due to the constant movement of vehicles or be eroded by solids carried in water, as seen in concrete canal linings. Specific tests are conducted to measure the abrasion resistance of concrete.
One such test is the revolving disc test, where three plates...
114

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Preparation of Aligned Steel Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composite and Its Flexural Behavior
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Optimizing High-Volume Fly Ash Mortar with Nano-SiO2 and PVA Fibers: Performance and Microstructure.

Junliang Zhao1,2, Zhongkun Wang1,2, Gengying Li3

  • 1College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The addition of nano-silicon dioxide (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber significantly enhances the mechanical properties and durability of high-volume fly ash mortar. These materials reduce water absorption and drying shrinkage, improving overall mortar performance.

Keywords:
PVA fiberdrying shrinkagehigh-volume fly ash mortarmechanical propertiesnano-SiO2

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Construction Materials

Background:

  • High-volume fly ash (FA) concrete is a sustainable construction material.
  • Improving the mechanical properties and durability of FA concrete is crucial for its wider application.
  • Nano-silicon dioxide (NS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber are potential additives for enhancing cementitious materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synergistic effects of NS and PVA fiber on the mechanical properties, capillary water absorption, and drying shrinkage of high-volume FA mortar.
  • To analyze the influence of NS and PVA fiber on the microstructure of the mortar.
  • To determine optimal dosages for NS and PVA fiber for improved mortar performance.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation of high-volume fly ash mortar with varying percentages of NS and PVA fiber.
  • Mechanical testing (flexural and compressive strength).
  • Water absorption tests (capillary water absorption).
  • Drying shrinkage measurements.
  • Microstructural analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP).

Main Results:

  • Synergistic incorporation of NS and PVA fiber significantly improved flexural and compressive strength.
  • The addition of NS and PVA fiber notably reduced capillary water absorption rate and drying shrinkage.
  • Optimal performance was observed with specific combinations of NS and PVA fiber (e.g., 1.5% NS and 1.0% PVA fiber for strength).
  • SEM and MIP analyses confirmed that NS and PVA fibers refined the mortar's micropore structure.

Conclusions:

  • NS and PVA fiber act synergistically to enhance the mechanical properties of high-volume FA mortar.
  • These additives effectively mitigate key durability issues like water absorption and drying shrinkage.
  • The improved microstructure, characterized by refined pores, is responsible for the enhanced performance, paving the way for more durable and sustainable concrete structures.