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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Dual Effects of Melanoma Cell-derived Factors on Bone Marrow Adipocytes Differentiation
Published on: August 23, 2018
Bone Marrow Niche Aging: Are Adipocytes Detrimental Cells in the Bone Marrow?
Urban Švajger1,2, Patrik Milić2, Primož J Rožman1
1Slovenian Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Šlajmerjeva Cesta 6, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Abstract:
Aging disrupts the bone marrow (BM) niche, a complex microenvironment crucial for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. A key, yet debated, hallmark of this aging process is the accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds). This review explores the evolving role of BMAds in the aging BM, particularly their influence on HSC regulation via metabolic, endocrine, and inflammatory pathways. Aging BMAds exhibit altered secretory profiles, including reduced leptin and adiponectin and increased pro-inflammatory signals, which skew hematopoiesis toward myeloid over lymphoid lineage production. Additionally, shifts in fatty acid composition and lactate signaling from BMAds may impair stem cell function. These changes, alongside aging-associated alterations in vascular, neural, and stromal components of the niche, contribute to diminished immune resilience in older adults. We discuss emerging therapeutic strategies targeting BMAd-derived factors, such as DPP4 inhibition or the modulation of β-adrenergic signaling, aimed at creating a more youthful BM environment. By summarizing current insights into the aging BM niche and the central role of BMAds, this review highlights mechanisms that could be targeted to rejuvenate hematopoiesis and improve immune function in the elderly.
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