Non-coding molecular determinants of polycystic ovary syndrome: A future treatment potential

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine-gynaecological disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularity or ovarian cyst. The onset of PCOS involves a complex interplay among various factors such as genetics, epigenetics and environment. Despite significant efforts, currently there are no effective therapies to cure PCOS. Several non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-based therapeutic drugs are under investigation or in preclinical trials. Moreover, ncRNAs have been demonstrated to restore abnormal gene expression patterns, hormone secretion and signalling pathways, follicle development and ovulation in PCOS. Hence, they will undoubtedly aid in better understanding of molecular functions and therapeutics. So, this review examined many research on the differential expression of ncRNAs in PCOS and their potential use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Overall, we have summarised the recent advancements in the use of ncRNAs in targeted treatments, with a focus on their underlying potential and future prospects of ncRNA therapy in PCOS.