Multifunctional paddy cultivated soil-borne bacteria: potential biofertilizer.

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Microbiology
• Environmental Biotechnology
• Soil Science

Background:

• Chemical fertilizers negatively impact the environment.
• Sustainable agriculture requires eco-friendly alternatives.
• Crop residue management is crucial for soil health.

Purpose of the Study:

• Isolate and characterize lignocellulolytic bacteria from paddy fields for biofertilizer production.
• Evaluate the potential of these bacteria in recycling paddy straw.
• Assess the agronomic relevance of compounds produced during straw degradation.

Main Methods:

• Isolation of soil-borne bacteria using selective media.
• Enzymatic activity assessment (cellulolytic via DNS, ligninolytic via Azure-B).
• Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) for compound analysis.
• BLAST for bacterial identification.

Main Results:

• Bacillus sp. S2 (Samsun) showed high lignocellulolytic activity and potential nitrogen fixation.
• Pseudomonas sp. K2 (Kırklareli) exhibited moderate lignocellulolytic activity.
• S2 produced significant amounts of 4-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, formic acid, xylitol, and 1-triacontanol; K2 produced arabitol.

Conclusions:

• Identified Bacillus sp. S2 (related to B. velezensis/B. amyloliquefaciens) and Pseudomonas sp. K2 (related to Ectopseudomonas/Pseudomonas species) as promising candidates.
• These bacteria can recycle paddy straw into valuable compounds for sustainable agriculture.
• The findings support the use of these biofertilizers for soil organic matter enrichment and reduced chemical fertilizer dependence.