Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 5, 2025

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

9.4K

The conserved poxvirus membrane entry-fusion apparatus component OPG147 targets MITA/STING for immune evasion

Xue-Mei Yi1, Mi Li1, Su-Yun Wang2

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Provincial Research Center for Basic Biological Sciences, Medical Research Institute, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Plos Pathogens
|June 11, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Monkeypox virus uses OPG147 protein to evade host immunity by blocking the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway. Mutating this protein enhances immune response and reduces disease severity in mice.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Monkeypox virus (MPXV) poses a significant threat, especially to immunocompromised individuals.
  • Mechanisms by which MPXV evades host immune defenses are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify MPXV proteins involved in inhibiting host innate immunity.
  • To elucidate the function of MPXV OPG147 in immune evasion.

Main Methods:

  • Expression screening to identify immune inhibitors.
  • Co-immunoprecipitation to study protein interactions.
  • Functional assays to assess innate immune pathway activation.
  • In vivo studies using a mouse model.

Main Results:

  • MPXV OPG147, a membrane fusion protein, inhibits cGAS-MITA/STING-mediated innate immunity.
  • OPG147 interacts with MITA/STING and STIM1, retaining MITA/STING in the endoplasmic reticulum.
  • OPG147 suppresses MITA/STING activation by inhibiting ISGylation, dimerization, and trafficking, but not cGAMP binding.
  • Mutating OPG147 in vaccinia virus (VACV) enhances innate immune response, reduces viral load, and decreases disease severity in mice.

Conclusions:

  • OPG147 is a viral virulence factor contributing to poxvirus immune evasion.
  • Targeting OPG147 could be a strategy to combat poxvirus infections.

More Related Videos

Co-immunoprecipitation of the Mouse Mx1 Protein with the Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein09:39

Co-immunoprecipitation of the Mouse Mx1 Protein with the Influenza A Virus Nucleoprotein

Published on: April 21, 2015

17.7K
Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production08:32

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production

Published on: March 2, 2014

10.5K

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia01:35

Cancer Cell Migration through Invadopodia

Invadosome is a broad category of cell surface structures with proteolytic activity that  degrades the extracellular matrix (ECM). Invadosomes are present in normal cell types, including macrophages, endothelial cells, and neurons, as well as tumor cells. Although the macrophage podosomes and tumor cell invadopodia are classified as invadosomes, they have different structures, molecular pathways, and functions. Podosomes are short structures that last for a few minutes. However,...
2.4K
SNAREs and Membrane Fusion01:43

SNAREs and Membrane Fusion

Once a transport vesicle has recognized its target organelle, the vesicular membrane needs to fuse with the target membrane to unload the cargo. Transmembrane proteins called SNAREs present on organelle membranes and their vesicles, mediate vesicle fusion.
SNAREs exist in pairs that symmetrically interact and catalyze the fusion of the lipid bilayers in vesicle and target organelle. v-SNARE in the vesicle membrane are single polypeptide chains that bind to a complementary t-SNARE, composed of 2...
11.0K
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...
1.4K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
909
Mechanism of Filopodia Formation01:39

Mechanism of Filopodia Formation

Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
2.5K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
3.4K