Exploring the role of LFNG in hepatoblastoma using multiomics and raise a query in proof link

Hepatoblastoma is a common tumor in childhood, characterized by immature histology and diverse cell lineages. The purpose of this study is to identify the genes that are abnormally expressed in hepatoblastoma, and to explore the targets of intercellular communication that affect the tumor immune microenvironment.

Through comprehensive analysis of gene expression from GSE133039 and GSE180664 data sets, the differentially expressed genes in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were obtained. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis is used to predict the biological function and signal transduction pathway of differential expression gene enrichment. Use cytoscape to build PPI network to filter hubgene; Construct correlation analysis of immune cell infiltration to infer the correlation between immune cells. Combined with single-cell transcriptome data, further reveal the relationship between cells and signal targets of cell communication. The effects of LFNG expression on migration and invasion were assessed through Scratch wound‑healing assay and Transwell assays in HUH6 cells.

58 differentially expressed genes with high expression and 94 differentially expressed genes with low expression were obtained from the two data sets of hepatoblastoma. They were mainly involved in the signal transduction related to metastasis. PPI network screened 50 hubgenes. The correlation analysis of immune cell infiltration of different genes showed that macrophages were significantly correlated with endothelial cells. Combined with the analysis of single-cell transcriptome data, hepatoblastoma was divided into 11 cell subpopulations, and 16 genes in hubgene were expressed in different cell subpopulations, in which LFNG was highly expressed in macrophages and monocytes, which served as the target of intercellular communication to promote the development of hepatoblastoma. The biological function experiments validates the role of LFNG overexpression in migration and invasion of the hepatoblastoma cells.

In this study, we identified the genes that were abnormally expressed in hepatoblastoma, and affected the cellular communication of hepatoblastoma through LFNG target, thus affecting the progress of tumor. LFNG overexpression promoted tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, LFNG may become a therapeutic target for hepatoblastoma.