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Association between Myasthenia Gravis and Smoking
Hiroyuki Akamine1,2, Akiyuki Uzawa1, Satoshi Kuwabara1
1Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan.
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|June 11, 2025
Summary
Smoking is more prevalent in individuals with myasthenia gravis (MG). Women with MG who smoke tend to be younger and experience more ocular symptoms, though smoking status did not correlate with MG severity in women.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Autoimmune Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disorder impacting neuromuscular junctions.
- Understanding environmental risk factors like smoking is crucial for MG research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between smoking and myasthenia gravis (MG).
- To compare smoking rates in MG patients versus the general population.
- To explore the relationship between smoking characteristics and MG severity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the Japan MG Registry 2021 survey (April-October 2021).
- Assessed MG severity using MG activities of daily living and MG Foundation of America (MGFA) scores.
- Compared smoking rates stratified by age and sex between MG patients and controls.
Main Results:
- Higher smoking rates were observed in patients with MG compared to the general population.
- Women with MG who smoked were younger and had a higher prevalence of ocular symptoms.
- A weak correlation between MGFA and Brinkman indices was found in male smokers; no correlation in female smokers.
Conclusions:
- This study provides significant insights into the link between smoking and myasthenia gravis using a large dataset.
- Smoking appears to be more prevalent in individuals with MG, with specific associations observed in women.
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