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Johanna Dose, Karin de Punder, Jeff Maerz

    Praxis Der Kinderpsychologie Und Kinderpsychiatrie
    |June 12, 2025
    PubMed
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    Adolescent personality disorders (PD) develop from genetic and environmental factors, impacting psychological and biological aspects. Dimensional models and therapies like TFP and MBT offer improved diagnosis and personalized treatment for personality functioning.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Neurobiology

    Background:

    • Adolescence is a critical period for identity, relationships, and emotional regulation, influenced by early attachment.
    • Increased vulnerability to personality disorders (PD) arises from genetic and environmental factors (abuse, neglect, insecure attachment).
    • These factors can cause neurobiological changes, including stress and attachment system dysregulation, contributing to PD development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To examine the Level of Personality Functioning (LPF) as a core concept in diagnosing and treating personality disorders in adolescents.
    • To highlight the shift from traditional categorical diagnostic systems (DSM-IV, ICD-10) towards dimensional models.
    • To discuss the efficacy of psychodynamic therapies (TFP, MBT) for adolescents with trauma.
    Keywords:
    Funktionsniveau der Personlichkeit - Bindung - Trauma - Mentalisierung - Adoleszenzlevel of personality functioning - attachment - trauma - mentalization - adolescence

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    Main Methods:

    • Review of diagnostic systems (DSM-5, ICD-11) and their evolution towards dimensional approaches.
    • Analysis of psychological and biological factors influencing personality development and vulnerability to PD.
    • Examination of psychodynamic therapeutic interventions (TFP, MBT) and their impact on psychological and neurobiological mechanisms.

    Main Results:

    • Dimensional models (DSM-5 AMPD, ICD-11) allow for more precise assessment of core psychological functions (identity, self-regulation, empathy, intimacy).
    • Psychodynamic therapies (TFP, MBT) show effectiveness in treating adolescents with traumatic experiences.
    • These therapies positively influence psychological and neurobiological mechanisms related to personality functioning.

    Conclusions:

    • Dimensional approaches and specific therapies enhance the diagnosis and personalized treatment of adolescent personality disorders.
    • Early identification of LPF impairments is crucial for reducing stigma and improving outcomes.
    • Further research into dimensional models, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic interventions is essential.