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Temporal patterns of Amazonian insect acoustic activity.

Nia Howells1, Alexander Charles Lees1, Jos Barlow2

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|June 12, 2025
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Summary

Passive acoustic monitoring effectively tracks insect activity patterns. Insect sounds are more frequent at night and peak during the dry season in the Brazilian Amazon.

Keywords:
Orthopteraacoustic indicesecoacousticsinsectspassive acoustic monitoringtropical forests

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Bioacoustics
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Insects are ecologically vital but understudied regarding temporal activity, especially in diverse tropical regions.
  • Fine-scale monitoring methods for insect activity are lacking, hindering ecological research.
  • Ecoacoustics offers a promising approach for long-term monitoring of various taxa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess insect acoustic activity patterns over daily and seasonal cycles in the eastern Brazilian Amazon.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of ecoacoustic techniques for monitoring insect phenology.
  • To correlate acoustic indices with manually assessed insect activity metrics.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a 2-year study in the eastern Brazilian Amazon.
  • Utilized passive acoustic monitoring to record insect sounds.
  • Analyzed acoustic data using indices and compared with manual assessments of sonotype diversity and spectrogram coverage.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant daily and seasonal periodicity in insect acoustic activity.
  • Observed higher insect sonotype diversity and spectrogram coverage during nocturnal periods.
  • Found peak insect acoustic activity during the dry season.
  • The Bioacoustic Index demonstrated the strongest correlation with insect activity metrics.

Conclusions:

  • Passive acoustic monitoring is a viable tool for tracking insect phenology and activity trends.
  • Ecoacoustics can help fill knowledge gaps in insect ecology, particularly in the tropics.
  • This method supports broader tropical ecology and conservation efforts through acoustic monitoring.