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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

Causal Lesion Evidence for Two Motor Speech Coordination Networks in the Brain.

William Burns¹, Emma Strawderman^1,2, Steven P Meyers^1,3

¹Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|June 12, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Lesions in specific brain regions reveal distinct neural pathways for controlling the larynx and orofacial muscles during speech production. This research clarifies sensory-to-motor transformations essential for vocalization.

Keywords:

functional MRI left precentral gyrus left superior temporal gyrus left supramarginal gyrus lesion-symptom mapping melody humming sentence repetition speech production

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2025

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Speech Science
Motor Control

Background:

Speech production relies on complex sensory-to-motor transformations to coordinate laryngeal and orofacial muscles.
Understanding the neural basis of these transformations is crucial for diagnosing and treating speech disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the causal role of distinct brain regions in sensory-to-motor transformations for laryngeal and orofacial motor control during speech.
To differentiate the neural networks supporting pitch processing and somatosensory feedback in speech.

Main Methods:

Examined neural responses in patients with lesions in the left temporal lobe (pitch processing) and left inferior parietal lobe (somatosensory processing).
Compared fMRI responses during sentence repetition and humming tasks.
Analyzed functional connectivity in neurotypical participants.

Main Results:

Left temporal lobe lesions reduced neural responses in the dorsal precentral gyrus (laryngeal control) during speech and humming.
Left inferior parietal lobe lesions reduced responses in the ventral precentral gyrus (orofacial control) during speech but not humming.
Functional connectivity analyses confirmed distinct pathways from temporal and parietal regions to the precentral gyrus.

Conclusions:

Provides causal lesion evidence for dissociable neural networks supporting laryngeal and orofacial motor control.
Highlights the distinct roles of temporal and parietal regions in sensory-to-motor transformations for speech.
Advances understanding of the neural architecture underlying speech production.