A Biosynthetic Thumb Prosthesis.

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

• Severe extremity damage often necessitates amputation when biological reconstruction is not feasible.
• Current synthetic prostheses lack the ability to restore tactile sensation.
• Restoring both function and sensation is crucial for improving the quality of life for amputees.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a biosynthetic prosthesis for thumb amputation that restores both movement and sensation.
• To combine the structural versatility of titanium with the sensory capabilities of biological skin.
• To provide a framework for functional reconstruction of amputated digits.

Main Methods:

• A biosynthetic prosthesis was created using a titanium mechanism and neurotized skin from the patient.
• The prosthesis was designed to link prosthetic joint motion to the residual biological joint for opposition pinch.
• Validation included benchtop testing, cadaveric studies, and in vivo animal models to assess skin viability.

Main Results:

• The biosynthetic thumb successfully recreated opposition pinch in benchtop and cadaveric models.
• The neurotized skin interface demonstrated in vivo viability in an animal model.
• The prosthesis effectively combined titanium's mechanical properties with biological skin's sensory feedback.

Conclusions:

• Biosynthetic prostheses offer a promising approach for functional reconstruction after thumb amputation.
• The integration of living, neurotized skin with synthetic components can restore natural sensation.
• This technology provides a framework for advanced prosthetic limb development, enhancing patient outcomes.