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How Can Animal Models Advance Research into High Frequency Oscillations: Guidelines for Recording, Detection and

Christos Panagiotis Lisgaras1,2, Richard J Staba3, Liset M de la Prida4

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Epilepsy Currents
|June 12, 2025
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Summary

High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are crucial in epilepsy research and patient evaluation. This review covers HFOs in animal models, their broader role in brain disorders, and proposes guidelines for future research and human translation.

Keywords:
biomarkersclinical trialsinterictalsurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epileptology
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • High frequency oscillations (HFOs) are increasingly used in epilepsy presurgical evaluations.
  • Animal models are vital for understanding HFO mechanisms and their role in epilepsy.
  • HFOs may have broader implications beyond epilepsy, including neuropsychiatric and Alzheimer's diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review HFOs recorded in animal models.
  • To highlight the relevance of HFOs to epilepsy and other brain disorders.
  • To propose guidelines for HFO identification and reporting with translational potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of HFOs in animal models.
  • Exploration of computational methods for HFO detection and analysis.
  • Synthesis of findings to propose translational guidelines.

Main Results:

  • HFOs are relevant to epilepsy and potentially other neurological and psychiatric conditions.
  • Advanced computational techniques are emerging for HFO analysis.
  • Guidelines are proposed for consistent HFO identification and reporting.

Conclusions:

  • HFOs represent a significant area of research with broad clinical and scientific implications.
  • Standardized approaches are needed for HFO research and clinical translation.
  • Further research is required to address knowledge gaps in HFO understanding and application.