Drug Induced Sleep Endoscopy in a Child with Poland's Syndrome: A Clinical Challenge

Drug induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is an accepted diagnostic tool to pinpoint sites of dynamic obstruction in sleep apnoea. However, the challenges increase manifold in a child with Poland's syndrome (PS), a congenital condition characterised by hypoplasia or agenesis of thoracic musculoskeletal elements, with rare limb anomalies. There are numerous risks associated with anaesthesia, including difficulties with ventilation and the potential for malignant hyperthermia. We describe a case of a child with Poland's syndrome, with sleep disordered breathing. The patient was taken up for DISE-guided surgery. To our best knowledge, this is the first case of Poland's syndrome described with respect to DISE in literature. We discuss the case and our experience - both surgical and anaesthesia related Poland's syndrome.