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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

491
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2025

Evaluation of Biomarkers in Glioma by Immunohistochemistry on Paraffin-Embedded 3D Glioma Neurosphere Cultures
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PIK3R2 immunostaining status predicts prognosis in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma treated with an

Kazuki Akutagawa1, Shunichiro Miki1, Erika Yamada1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, 305-8575, Japan.

Journal of Neuro-Oncology
|June 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Negative PIK3R2 and p53 expression predict improved survival in glioblastoma patients receiving autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV) therapy. These biomarkers may help predict AFTV treatment efficacy and patient outcomes.

Keywords:
GlioblastomaImmunotherapyPI3K pathwayPIK3R2PrognosisTumor vaccine

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Quantitative Immunohistochemistry of the Cellular Microenvironment in Patient Glioblastoma Resections
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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor with poor prognosis and limited treatment options.
  • Previous research indicated complete resection and p53 negativity correlate with better outcomes in GBM patients treated with radiotherapy, temozolomide, and autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine (AFTV).
  • PIK3R2, a PI3K-Akt pathway component, may influence immune response and immunotherapy efficacy, prompting investigation into its prognostic role in AFTV therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if PIK3R2 expression influences patient outcomes in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) and grade 4 astrocytoma (Astro) treated with AFTV.
  • To evaluate PIK3R2 as a potential predictive biomarker for AFTV therapy efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 58 patients with newly diagnosed IDH wildtype GBM or IDH mutant Astro, divided into AFTV and control groups.
  • Immunostaining for PIK3R2 and p53, with PIK3R2 expression assessed using a 34% cutoff.
  • Evaluation of patient characteristics, including age, sex, Karnofsky Performance Status, and overall survival (OS).

Main Results:

  • In the AFTV group, PIK3R2-negative patients showed increased survival compared to the control group (p=0.075 for GBM/Astro, p=0.030 for GBM).
  • A significant OS improvement was observed in the p53-negative/PIK3R2-negative subgroup for both GBM/Astro and GBM cases.
  • PD-1 expression demonstrated the strongest correlation with PIK3R2 in regression analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Negative immunostaining for both PIK3R2 and p53 is associated with increased survival in GBM patients receiving AFTV therapy.
  • These biomarkers may serve as predictors of treatment efficacy and overall survival for patients undergoing AFTV treatment for GBM.