Nephroprotective activity of Eysenhardtia polystachya through antioxidant, H₂S, and NO pathways

In Mexico, the use of infusions from Eysenhardtia polystachya in traditional medicine as a treatment for chronic inflammatory pathologies, such as urinary disorders, diabetes, and oxidative stress has been studied in the search for bioactive molecules with pharmacological properties. In this study, a methanolic extract was obtained from which Coatline B and Matlaline molecules were isolated and identified. Their pharmacological activity was subsequently evaluated as potential nephroprotective agents using both in vivo and in vitro models of acute kidney injury (AKI). The experimental results indicated that the Coatline B and Matlaline compounds exhibit antioxidant activity and play a role in nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) regulation pathways as mediators of inflammation in renal tissue. Consequently, their use as prophylactic agents in a model of AKI reduces renal tissue damage and prevents a severe decline in kidney function.