Assessing Genetic Variation and Population Connectivity in Wallago attu: A Call for Enhanced Conservation Measures

Area of Science:

• Ichthyology
• Conservation Genetics
• Population Dynamics

Background:

• Exploited fish populations face decline and environmental shifts due to human activities.
• Decreased genetic diversity can impair adaptation to ecological changes.
• Wallago attu, a key freshwater species, is classified as Vulnerable (IUCN Red List) with limited genetic data.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish baseline genetic and population data for Wallago attu.
• To assess the impact of water management on population structure.
• To understand the genetic diversity and differentiation of this vulnerable species.

Main Methods:

• Microsatellite markers were employed to analyze genetic variation.
• Population structure was investigated using UPGMA dendrogram and Bayesian clustering.
• Inbreeding, bottlenecks, and genetic relatedness were assessed.

Main Results:

• Low-to-moderate genetic diversity was observed within sample sites.
• Significant genetic differentiation and distinct clusters were found among populations.
• Evidence of significant inbreeding and recent population bottlenecks was detected.

Conclusions:

• Anthropogenic activities and water management practices significantly shape Wallago attu's genetic structure.
• Distinct genetic patterns highlight the need for targeted conservation strategies.
• Preserving current genetic diversity is crucial for the long-term survival of Wallago attu.