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Gaze-based word highlighting boosts reading performance: an eye tracking study in second graders.

Koen Rummens1, Sofie Beier1

  • 1Centre for Visibility Design, Institute of Design and Visual Interaction, Royal Danish Academy, Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Digital reading support dynamically highlights words, improving reading speed and efficiency for beginner readers. This gaze-based method enhances performance without affecting comprehension, though children preferred static text.

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Area of Science:

  • Educational technology
  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human-computer interaction

Background:

  • Reading is transitioning from print to digital formats.
  • Developing readers may require tailored support for screen-based reading.
  • Digital devices offer opportunities for personalized reading assistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of gaze-based dynamic word highlighting on reading performance in young learners.
  • To assess the effectiveness of a digital reading support tool that mimics finger-point reading cues.
  • To evaluate reading speed, accuracy, comprehension, and user preference for highlighted text.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy Danish 2nd graders participated in the study.
  • Participants read aloud a short story under two conditions: with and without dynamic word highlighting.
  • Eye movements, pronunciation accuracy, comprehension, and text preference were measured using eye-tracking technology.

Main Results:

  • Reading with dynamic word highlighting resulted in faster reading times, characterized by shorter fixations and fewer regressions.
  • The highlighting intervention improved reading efficiency without negatively impacting pronunciation accuracy or comprehension.
  • Despite performance gains, participants expressed a preference for static, non-highlighted text.

Conclusions:

  • Gaze-based word highlighting is a promising digital tool for enhancing reading efficiency in beginner readers.
  • Dynamic highlighting provides effective informational cues, aiding the reading process on digital screens.
  • Further research may explore optimal highlighting parameters and user interface designs to balance efficiency and preference.