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Drug prevalence in Canadian driving population.

Cynthia Coulter1,2, J Gonzales1, C Coulter1

  • 19-Delta Analytical, LLC, Ontario, CA, USA.

Traffic Injury Prevention
|June 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A 2024 Yukon drug prevalence survey found 25% of drivers tested positive for drugs. Additional testing revealed higher positivity rates and identified over-the-counter and antidepressant medications, recommending LC-QTOF-MS for future oral fluid drug screening.

Keywords:
LC-MS/MSLC-QTOF-MSOral fluidToxicologyroadside survey

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Roadside drug surveys are crucial for understanding impaired driving.
  • Oral fluid analysis offers a convenient method for detecting recent drug use.
  • Previous studies indicate oral fluid drug concentrations correlate with blood levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a drug prevalence roadside survey in the Yukon territory in 2024.
  • To screen oral fluid samples for Tier I and II compounds using LC-QTOF-MS.
  • To compare drug use patterns between commercial and noncommercial drivers.

Main Methods:

  • Oral fluid samples were collected from volunteer drivers (noncommercial and commercial).
  • Initial screening used validated LC-MS/MS methods for common drug classes.
  • Further analysis employed LC-QTOF-MS for comprehensive screening of Tier I and II compounds.

Main Results:

  • The overall drug positivity rate increased to 25% for both driver groups after additional testing.
  • Polydrug use was observed in 7.5% of noncommercial and 4.5% of commercial drivers.
  • Mean THC concentrations differed significantly between noncommercial (29 ng/mL) and commercial (8 ng/mL) drivers, excluding outliers.

Conclusions:

  • NSC-ADID Tier I and II recommendations are vital for comprehensive drug prevalence surveys.
  • Liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) is recommended for oral fluid drug screening.
  • The study highlights the prevalence of drug use among drivers and the utility of advanced analytical techniques.