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Related Experiment Video

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Implantable Cardiovascular Biopotential Acquisition and Stimulation Circuit With Body-Channel Communication for

Manhyuck Choi, Byeongseol Kim, Sangmin Lee

    IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
    |June 12, 2025
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    Summary

    This study introduces a miniaturized leadless pacemaker using body-channel communication for efficient power and data transfer. It achieves low power consumption and small size, crucial for transcatheter implantation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Implantable Medical Devices
    • Cardiovascular Technology

    Background:

    • Leadless pacemakers face significant challenges in power consumption and miniaturization for transcatheter delivery.
    • Existing wireless communication methods (e.g., RF) can be power-intensive, limiting device longevity and size.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an implantable cardiovascular biopotential acquisition and stimulation circuit for a leadless pacemaker.
    • To integrate electrocardiogram (ECG) sensing, pacing, control logic, and body-channel (BC) communication onto a single chip.
    • To enable efficient wireless power transfer and data communication using BC technology.

    Main Methods:

    • Integrated circuit design incorporating a current-reused current-feedback instrumentation amplifier for ECG sensing.
    • Switched-capacitor stimulator with passive discharge for efficient pacing.
    • Implementation of body-channel (BC) communication for low-power data transfer and wireless power charging.
    • Prototype fabrication and in vivo evaluation in swine models.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved low power consumption (4.5–19.4 μW) and low input-referred noise (3.69 μVRMS) for the ECG sensing channel.
    • Demonstrated efficient pacing and BC communication with downlink (10 Mbps) and uplink (16 kbps) speeds.
    • Successfully charged the internal battery wirelessly and achieved a compact prototype size (5.89 mm diameter, 26.5 mm length).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed leadless pacemaker prototype effectively integrates essential functions onto a single chip, utilizing BC communication for reduced power consumption and size.
    • The technology shows promise for minimally-invasive cardiovascular interventions, addressing key limitations of current leadless pacing systems.
    • In vivo results validate the performance and feasibility of this novel transcatheter leadless pacemaker design.