Atopic dermatitis and obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology and Psychiatry
• Investigating the comorbidity between skin conditions and mental health disorders

Background:

• Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease impacting quality of life.
• Psychological comorbidities, including anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), are increasingly recognized in AD patients.
• Studies suggest a potential increased risk of OCD among individuals with AD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and evaluate existing literature on the association between atopic dermatitis and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
• To explore the underlying mechanisms and demographic factors influencing this comorbidity.
• To identify integrative treatment strategies for patients with both conditions.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases.
• Peer-reviewed English studies published before September 12, 2024, were selected for analysis.
• Data synthesis focused on the AD-OCD association, linking mechanisms, and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

• Demographic variables including gender, age, and atopic severity significantly influence the prevalence of comorbid OCD in AD patients.
• Women and young adults exhibit a higher risk of this comorbidity.
• The relationship between AD and OCD appears bidirectional, involving immunological, behavioral, and genetic factors.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the complex pathophysiology linking AD and OCD is crucial for effective patient management.
• A multifaceted treatment approach, incorporating immunomodulatory agents and psychiatric/psychological referrals, may benefit patients.
• This review advocates for interdisciplinary care and outlines future research directions.