Janus Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Acne in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An International, Multicenter, Retrospective...

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Dermatology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are increasingly used for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
• Acne is a recognized but poorly understood adverse event associated with JAK inhibitor therapy.
• Understanding the epidemiology and clinical features of this side effect is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of acne in JAK inhibitor-treated IBD patients.
• To determine the prevalence of acne across different JAK inhibitors (upadacitinib, tofacitinib, filgotinib).
• To assess the impact of acne on quality of life and the effectiveness of anti-acne treatments.

Main Methods:

• International, multicenter, retrospective cohort study.
• Inclusion of JAK inhibitor-treated IBD patients who developed acne.
• Evaluation of acne prevalence, clinical presentation, psychosocial impact, and treatment responses.

Main Results:

• Prevalence of acne was 15.9% for upadacitinib, 4.3% for tofacitinib, and 1.9% for filgotinib, with dose-dependency noted.
• Acne predominantly affected patients aged 30-50 years, mostly mild-moderate.
• Prior acne history increased odds of severe JAK inhibitor-associated acne and skin complications; one-third reported psychosocial impact.

Conclusions:

• Acne is a common adverse effect of JAK inhibitors in IBD patients, causing significant psychological burden.
• This study provides the largest cohort characterizing JAK inhibitor-induced acne in IBD.
• Early identification, patient counseling, and timely interventions (e.g., dose reduction, dermatology referral) are essential for managing this side effect.