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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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Published on: June 23, 2023

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Alcohol Use and COVID-19 Outcomes.

Aaron P Turner1, Scott V Adams2, Eric Hawkins3

  • 1VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Center of Excellence in Substance Addiction Treatment and Education, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA.

Chest
|June 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Alcohol use disorders significantly worsened COVID-19 outcomes, increasing hospitalization and death risks. The severity of alcohol use disorder and high consumption levels were linked to the poorest COVID-19 results.

Keywords:
COVID-19COVID-19(+), COVID-19 positiveSARS-CoV-2alcoholpatient acuity

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Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
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Construction of Vapor Chambers Used to Expose Mice to Alcohol During the Equivalent of all Three Trimesters of Human Development
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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Limited data exists on how alcohol use impacts COVID-19 outcomes.
  • Health behaviors are increasingly recognized as contributors to post-COVID-19 conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between alcohol use disorder (AUD) severity and COVID-19 outcomes.
  • To examine how alcohol consumption levels modify the risk of poor COVID-19 outcomes in individuals with AUD.

Main Methods:

  • A US national cohort of 463,246 COVID-19 positive veterans was analyzed.
  • AUD was identified using diagnostic codes (alcohol abuse, dependence, alcohol-related disease).
  • COVID-19 outcomes (mild, moderate, critical, death) were assessed, and risk was modified by alcohol consumption levels (AUDIT-C).

Main Results:

  • All AUD severities were linked to lower mild COVID-19 outcomes and higher hospitalization rates compared to no AUD.
  • Increased AUD severity correlated with a greater likelihood of negative outcomes.
  • Alcohol dependence with high consumption increased critical outcome risk; alcohol-related disease increased critical outcomes and death across all consumption levels.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol use disorders are associated with adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
  • The risk of poor outcomes escalates with increasing AUD severity.
  • Combined AUD and high alcohol consumption result in the most severe COVID-19 outcomes.