Dietary acid load increases odds of minor ST segment and T wave abnormalities in electrocardiogram: Results of a
Najmeh Seifi1, Sara Saffar Soflaei2, Ali Ebrahimi Dabagh3
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Background:
Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are useful in predicting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in the general population. Among ECG abnormalities, isolated minor ST segment and T Wave (ST-T) changes are introduced to be associated with CVDs and CVD-associated mortality in apparently-healthy individuals. Diet, a modifiable risk factor of CVDs, is proposed to be associated with ECG abnormalities.
Objectives:
we aimed to investigate the association between isolated minor ST-T abnormalities and dietary acid load in a community-based adult population.
Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 6413 participants aged 35-65 were included. Dietary acidity levels were assessed using the Net Endogenous Acid Production (NEAP) and Potential Renal Acid Load (PRAL) scores, derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The Minnesota coding system was used to address minor ST-T segment abnormalities on ECGs. Multiple logistic regression was conducted in four distinct models reported as odds ratios (OR).
Results:
The study revealed that higher dietary acidity was associated with an increased risk of isolated minor ST-T abnormalities across various models. Individuals in the highest tertile of PRAL compared to the lowest, had 79 % higher odds of isolated minor ST-T abnormalities in the fully-adjusted model (OR (95%CI): 1.79 (1.13-2.82), p = 0.01). The highest tertile of NEAP compared to the lowest was also associated with an increased odds of isolated minor ST-T abnormalities (In the full-adjusted model OR (95%CI): 1.79 (1.13-2.83), p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
Isolated minor ST-T changes were significantly associated with dietary acid load score, in a way that higher NEAP and PRAL scores were related to increased odds of minor isolated ST-T abnormalities.
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