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Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

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Secondary Cancer Risk in Breast Cancer with and without Radiotherapy: The Observational Health Data Sciences and

Seok Kim1,2, Dachung Boo3, Sooyoung Yoo1

  • 1Office of eHealth Research and Business, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.

Cancer Research and Treatment
|June 12, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found no increased risk of secondary cancers in breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy after surgery. Radiotherapy for primary breast cancer did not significantly elevate secondary cancer risk in a matched cohort analysis.

Keywords:
Breast neoplasmsCommon data modelPropensity-score matchingRadiotherapySecondary primary malignant

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Radiotherapy is a standard treatment to prevent breast cancer recurrence post-surgery.
  • Concerns exist regarding radiotherapy as a potential cause of secondary cancers.
  • Large-scale data analysis is needed to validate this risk in diverse patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the risk of secondary cancer in primary breast cancer patients who underwent radiotherapy compared to those who did not.
  • To validate findings using a matched cohort from the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) data network.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective comparative cohort study design.
  • Utilized propensity score-matched cohorts from Observational Medical Outcome Partnership (OMOP) common data model databases.
  • Analyzed secondary primary malignant occurrence in female breast cancer patients post-surgery (n=27,078, matched n=4,268).

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in secondary cancer risk was observed between breast cancer patients who received radiotherapy and those who did not, following 1:1 propensity-score matching.
  • Sensitivity analyses, considering age, latency period, and radiation treatment number, also showed no significant differences.
  • The study included 4,268 matched patients from an initial cohort of 27,078.

Conclusions:

  • Radiotherapy following surgery for primary breast cancer does not appear to increase the risk of secondary cancers.
  • Further research incorporating data generated during cancer treatment is warranted.
  • Findings suggest radiotherapy is a safe adjuvant therapy concerning secondary cancer development.