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Related Concept Videos

Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

370
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
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Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

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The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
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Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

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A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
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Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant01:26

Susceptibility, Permittivity and Dielectric Constant

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When placed in an external electric field, a dielectric material gets polarized. The charge density in the dielectric material is given by the sum of the bound and free charge densities, while the total charge density can also be written in terms of the total electric field. The bound charge density can be measured in terms of polarization, leading to the relationship between electric displacement and polarization.
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Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

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Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
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Electric Field of a Charged Disk01:23

Electric Field of a Charged Disk

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The simplest case of a surface charge distribution is the uniformly charged disk. Calculating its electric field also helps us calculate the electric field of a large plane of charge.
The system's symmetry is in the cylindrical directions across the plane of the charge. As a result, the electric fields created by various surface charge elements nullify each other in the direction parallel to the surface. Thereby, the resulting electric field is perpendicular to the plane. Since the disk is...
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  3. Research Domains
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  9. Surface Properties Of Condensed Matter
  11. Charge-induced Polarization In Dielectric Particle Systems: A Geometry-dependent Effect.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Physical Sciences
  7. Condensed Matter Physics
  9. Surface Properties Of Condensed Matter
  11. Charge-induced Polarization In Dielectric Particle Systems: A Geometry-dependent Effect.

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Label-free Isolation and Enrichment of Cells Through Contactless Dielectrophoresis
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Charge-Induced Polarization in Dielectric Particle Systems: A Geometry-Dependent Effect.

Eric B Lindgren1

  • 1Departamento de Físico-Química, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24020-141 Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
|June 12, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Particle size and charge asymmetries cause complex electrostatic interactions in dielectric materials. Many-body polarization effects lead to phenomena like like-charge attraction, influencing material design.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Electrostatic interactions in dielectric materials are complex, especially with many-body polarization effects.
  • Simple point-charge models fail to capture phenomena in finite-sized dielectric systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate nontrivial electrostatic phenomena arising from asymmetries in dielectric particle size or charge.
  • Develop a computationally efficient yet rigorous framework for analyzing many-body polarization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a boundary-integral framework to model induced surface charge propagation.
  • Implemented a geometry-based cutoff for approximating long-range interactions with monopoles.
  • Retained near-field multipole couplings for accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that particle size/charge asymmetries can induce like-charge attraction and complex force balances.
  • Showcased iterative cascades of induced surface charges, reflecting nonadditive many-body polarization.
  • Identified significant computational gains via a geometry-based cutoff without sacrificing rigor.

Conclusions:

  • Geometric factors (size, curvature, separation) critically influence local field intensities in dielectric systems.
  • Findings exceed conventional Coulombic predictions and offer insights into advanced material design.
  • The study provides a pathway for understanding and designing self-assembled architectures driven by dielectric polarization.