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Rapid Ragi: A speed breeding protocol for finger millet.

Sobhan Sajja1, Jwala Pranati2, S Shyamala2

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Summary

Researchers developed a cost-effective speed breeding protocol for finger millet (ragi) to accelerate crop improvement. This method significantly reduces breeding cycle time, enabling faster development of climate-resilient and nutritious finger millet cultivars for enhanced food security.

Keywords:
Finger milletHigh-density plantingPhotoperiodRapid generation advancementShort-day plantSpeed breeding

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Climate change necessitates resilient, nutritious crops like finger millet (ragi) for global food security.
  • Rapid development of improved and adapted finger millet cultivars is crucial.
  • Genomics-assisted breeding and rapid generation advancement are key modern techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a repeatable and cost-effective speed breeding protocol for finger millet.
  • To optimize agronomic and physiological conditions for accelerated early generation advancement.

Main Methods:

  • Modulated photoperiod (9 hours), temperature (29°C ± 2°C), and humidity (70%).
  • Controlled plant density (105 plants/1.5 sq. ft.), nutrient application (0.17% Hoagland's No. 2 solution), and irrigation.
  • Harvesting at physiological maturity.

Main Results:

  • Reduced finger millet maturity time by 28-54 days across different maturity groups.
  • Validated the protocol in segregating populations, enabling 4-5 generations per year compared to 1-2 under field conditions.
  • Demonstrated a repeatable and cost-effective speed breeding approach.

Conclusions:

  • The developed speed breeding protocol significantly shortens the breeding cycle, leading to increased genetic gain.
  • Facilitates rapid development of recombinant inbred lines (RILs).
  • Enables high-throughput phenotyping and early generation genotyping for accelerated selection processes.