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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of FAM83A in Cervical Cancer
Published on: February 9, 2024
PAX Family, Master Regulator in Cancer
Erica Giacobbi1, Maria Paola Scioli1, Francesca Servadei1
1Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
Abstract:
PAX genes, known as master regulators, encode paired box (PAX) proteins that govern key processes in organ development and are widely expressed in normal tissues. Notably, PAX proteins also play a pivotal role in both promoting and suppressing tumorigenesis. They influence essential cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, fate determination, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and the formation of oncogenic fusion proteins. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of these transcription factors. First, we provide a brief overview of their molecular structure, which underlies their classification into four subgroups. Then, we examine the expression patterns of each PAX gene across organ systems and explore their biological roles in the most relevant malignant neoplasms affecting human health. Additionally, we highlight their diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive significance in the context of cancer.
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