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L-Theanine Mitigates Chronic Alcoholic Intestinal Injury by Regulating Intestinal Alcohol and Linoleic-Arachidonic
Jiayou Gu1,2, Simin Tan1,2, Jiahao Yang1,2
1National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Nutrients
|June 13, 2025
Summary
L-theanine (LTA) supplementation mitigates chronic alcoholic intestinal injury by improving gut health and regulating alcohol and fatty acid metabolism. This dietary supplement shows potential for addressing alcohol-induced gut damage.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Chronic alcohol consumption is known to impair intestinal function.
- L-theanine (LTA) is investigated for its potential to support intestinal health.
- The protective effects of LTA against chronic alcoholic intestinal injuries require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mitigating influence of L-theanine (LTA) on chronic alcoholic intestinal injury in a rat model.
- To explore the effects of LTA on intestinal pathology, permeability, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
- To examine LTA's impact on gut microbiota and metabolic profiles related to alcohol and fatty acid metabolism.
Main Methods:
- A rat model of chronic alcoholic intestinal injury was established using Lieber-DeCarli liquid alcohol feed.
- Rats were administered L-theanine (LTA) for a total of 12 weeks (8 weeks pre-treatment + 4 weeks co-administration).
- Evaluations included duodenal pathology, intestinal permeability, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota composition, and metabolic profiling.
Main Results:
- L-theanine (LTA) alleviated duodenal pathology, reduced intestinal permeability, and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
- LTA ameliorated alcohol-induced gut microbiota disturbances by increasing beneficial bacteria (Ruminococcus, Odoribacter) and decreasing harmful bacteria (Enterococcus).
- LTA modulated ethanol and linoleic acid (LA)-arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by upregulating ADH6, ALDH2, ACSS1 and downregulating CYP2E1, FADS2, ALOX-5, COX-1, leading to altered metabolite levels.
Conclusions:
- L-theanine (LTA) effectively mitigates chronic alcoholic intestinal injury.
- LTA exerts its protective effects by regulating intestinal alcohol and LA-AA metabolism and improving gut microbiota balance.
- LTA demonstrates significant potential as a dietary supplement for managing chronic intestinal injury associated with alcohol intake.
Keywords:
L-theaninealcohol consumptionalcohol metabolismchronic alcoholic intestinal injurylinoleic-arachidonic acid metabolism
