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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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  11. L-theanine Mitigates Chronic Alcoholic Intestinal Injury By Regulating Intestinal Alcohol And Linoleic-arachidonic Acid Metabolism In Rats

L-Theanine Mitigates Chronic Alcoholic Intestinal Injury by Regulating Intestinal Alcohol and Linoleic-Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in Rats

Jiayou Gu1,2, Simin Tan1,2, Jiahao Yang1,2

  • 1National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.

Nutrients
|June 13, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

L-theanine (LTA) supplementation mitigates chronic alcoholic intestinal injury by improving gut health and regulating alcohol and fatty acid metabolism. This dietary supplement shows potential for addressing alcohol-induced gut damage.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Chronic alcohol consumption is known to impair intestinal function.
  • L-theanine (LTA) is investigated for its potential to support intestinal health.
  • The protective effects of LTA against chronic alcoholic intestinal injuries require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mitigating influence of L-theanine (LTA) on chronic alcoholic intestinal injury in a rat model.
  • To explore the effects of LTA on intestinal pathology, permeability, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
  • To examine LTA's impact on gut microbiota and metabolic profiles related to alcohol and fatty acid metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • A rat model of chronic alcoholic intestinal injury was established using Lieber-DeCarli liquid alcohol feed.
Keywords:
L-theaninealcohol consumptionalcohol metabolismchronic alcoholic intestinal injury

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  • Rats were administered L-theanine (LTA) for a total of 12 weeks (8 weeks pre-treatment + 4 weeks co-administration).
  • Evaluations included duodenal pathology, intestinal permeability, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota composition, and metabolic profiling.

    • Main Results:

    • L-theanine (LTA) alleviated duodenal pathology, reduced intestinal permeability, and decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory responses.
    • LTA ameliorated alcohol-induced gut microbiota disturbances by increasing beneficial bacteria (Ruminococcus, Odoribacter) and decreasing harmful bacteria (Enterococcus).
    • LTA modulated ethanol and linoleic acid (LA)-arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism by upregulating ADH6, ALDH2, ACSS1 and downregulating CYP2E1, FADS2, ALOX-5, COX-1, leading to altered metabolite levels.

    Conclusions:

    • L-theanine (LTA) effectively mitigates chronic alcoholic intestinal injury.
    • LTA exerts its protective effects by regulating intestinal alcohol and LA-AA metabolism and improving gut microbiota balance.
    • LTA demonstrates significant potential as a dietary supplement for managing chronic intestinal injury associated with alcohol intake.
    linoleic-arachidonic acid metabolism