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In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
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Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

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Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
256
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  11. Impact Of Body Fat Distribution And Insulin Sensitivity On In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study

Impact of Body Fat Distribution and Insulin Sensitivity on In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study

Andrea Roberto Carosso1, Alberto Revelli2, Alessandro Ruffa1

  • 1Obstetrics and Gynecology 1U, Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Sant'Anna Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio are better indicators of ovarian response to fertility treatments than BMI. Higher upper body fat negatively impacts ovarian sensitivity to gonadotropins, though live birth rates remain unaffected.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Infertility Research
  • Obesity and Metabolism

Background:

  • Rising global overweight prevalence necessitates understanding its impact on fertility treatments.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) is a limited measure of obesity, failing to account for body fat distribution.
  • Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) may offer better insights into fertility treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate WC and WHR as predictors of ovarian response in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) cycles.
  • To compare the predictive value of WC and WHR against BMI for ovarian response.
  • To investigate the association between body fat distribution and ovarian sensitivity index (OSI).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of 265 couples undergoing their first IVF/Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatment.
Keywords:
anthropometric measuresbody mass indexhip circumferencein vitro fertilization

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  • Assessment of BMI, WC, WHR, and homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) for insulin sensitivity at enrollment.
  • Primary outcome: correlation between anthropometric/metabolic variables and OSI ([(retrieved oocytes/total gonadotropin dose) × 1000]).

    • Main Results:

    • Higher WC and WHR were significantly associated with lower OSI, independent of BMI.
    • Women with WC >80 cm showed significantly lower OSI compared to those with WC ≤80 cm (p < 0.05).
    • Women with WHR >0.85 had significantly lower OSI compared to those with WHR ≤0.85 (p < 0.05). Live birth rates were not significantly different between groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Body fat distribution, particularly upper body fat (indicated by WC and WHR), negatively correlates with ovarian sensitivity to gonadotropins during controlled ovarian stimulation.
    • WC and WHR appear to be more sensitive indicators of ovarian response in IVF than BMI.
    • While ovarian sensitivity is affected, the clinical relevance to live birth rates in IVF appears minimal.
    infertility
    waist circumference