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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Etrasimod: Modulating Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptors to Treat Ulcerative Colitis.

Cristina Martinez-Molina1, Begoña González-Suárez2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Division of Medicines, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2025
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Summary

Etrasimod, a novel oral sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator, effectively treats moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. It offers a favorable safety profile and is now approved in the US and Europe.

Keywords:
etrasimodgastroenterologyimmune-mediated diseaseinflammatory bowel diseasesphingosine-1-phosphate receptorulcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease with unmet treatment needs.
  • Existing therapies include conventional treatments, biologics, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors.
  • Etrasimod represents a new class of oral medications targeting specific sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) subtypes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of etrasimod's current status and therapeutic potential.
  • To review etrasimod's mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety in ulcerative colitis.
  • To discuss etrasimod's role in addressing unmet needs in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and scientific literature on etrasimod.
  • Analysis of etrasimod's selective S1PR modulation (S1PR1, S1PR4, S1PR5).
  • Evaluation of efficacy and safety profiles in patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.

Main Results:

  • Etrasimod demonstrated significant symptom reduction and endoscopic improvement in UC patients.
  • The drug showed a favorable safety profile in clinical trials.
  • Etrasimod is approved in the US and Europe for moderate to severe active ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions:

  • Etrasimod is a novel, oral, once-daily selective S1PR modulator offering a new therapeutic option for ulcerative colitis.
  • Its unique mechanism and favorable profile address persistent unmet needs in UC management.
  • Further exploration in other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases is ongoing.