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A Retrospective Study of Lumbar Disk Herniation: An Analysis of Clinical Cases and Treatment Plans

Mădălina Duceac Covrig1,2, Cristian Guțu1, Alina Pleșea-Condratovici1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, "Dunărea de Jos" University Galaţi, Al. I. Cuza Street, Nr. 35, 800008 Galați, Romania.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 13, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early surgical assessment for lumbar disk herniation (LDH) offers superior outcomes. Microdiscectomy shows over 90% success, significantly outperforming conservative treatments and improving patient function.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Lumbar disk herniation (LDH) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder impacting quality of life and healthcare systems.
  • LDH affects 40% of the population, primarily individuals aged 30-50, leading to significant costs and reduced occupational productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess treatment outcomes for lumbar disk herniation (LDH).
  • To evaluate the impact of comorbidities on LDH treatment success.
  • To compare surgical versus conservative management strategies for LDH.

Main Methods:

  • A three-year study involving 3074 individuals with lumbar disk herniation (LDH).
  • Analysis of surgical (microdiscectomy) and conservative (physical therapy, epidural steroid injections) treatment results.
  • Evaluation of demographic variables and comorbidity effects on patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Microdiscectomy demonstrated over 90% success, with significant improvements in pain and function six months post-surgery.
  • Conservative treatments yielded approximately 60% success; 25% of conservatively treated patients required surgery within a year.
  • Preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores above 50 correlated with greater post-surgical improvement (40-point gain) compared to conservative therapy (20-point gain).
  • High comorbidity rates (obesity, cardiovascular illness) were associated with prolonged recovery and complications.

Conclusions:

  • A customized treatment plan integrating prompt surgical intervention with comprehensive rehabilitation maximizes patient outcomes for LDH.
  • A patient-centered approach is crucial for optimizing recovery and reducing the healthcare burden associated with lumbar disk herniation (LDH).

Keywords:
comorbiditiesheart diseaseimaginglumbar disk herniationmedical recoveryneurosurgeryobesityosteoporosis

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