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OsEDS1 and OsPAD4 Are Involved in Brown Planthopper Resistance in Rice.

Linzhi Fang1, Rong Su1, Cunyan Li1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rice enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1) and phytoalexin deficient 4 (PAD4) proteins are vital for plant defense. Mutations in these genes increase rice susceptibility to brown planthopper (BPH) by affecting defense hormone levels.

Keywords:
Oryza sativaOsEDS1OsPAD4brown planthopper

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Pathology
  • Molecular Plant-Insect Interactions
  • Plant Biochemistry

Background:

  • The roles of Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 (EDS1) and Phytoalexin Deficient 4 (PAD4) in plant immunity are established in *Arabidopsis*. Their function in rice (*Oryza sativa*) resistance to the brown planthopper (*Nilaparvata lugens* Stål), a major rice pest, is unexplored.
  • The brown planthopper (BPH) causes significant damage to rice crops globally, necessitating research into resistance mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of rice EDS1 (OsEDS1) and rice PAD4 (OsPAD4) in rice resistance to BPH.
  • To elucidate the involvement of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways in OsEDS1 and OsPAD4-mediated BPH resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of *OsEDS1* and *OsPAD4* transcript levels following BPH infestation.
  • Phenotypic analysis of *eds1* and *pad4* mutant rice lines under BPH challenge, including honeydew excretion and host preference assays.
  • Quantification of SA and JA levels and expression analysis of defense-related genes in wild-type and mutant plants under normal and BPH-infested conditions.

Main Results:

  • BPH infestation rapidly altered *OsEDS1* and *OsPAD4* transcript levels.
  • Mutations in *OsPAD4* or *OsEDS1* significantly increased rice susceptibility to BPH, evidenced by higher honeydew production and BPH host preference.
  • Loss of function in *OsEDS1* or *OsPAD4* led to reduced basal SA and JA levels and suppressed expression of SA/JA biosynthesis and signaling genes, impacting defense responses.

Conclusions:

  • OsPAD4 and OsEDS1 positively regulate rice resistance against the brown planthopper.
  • These proteins are crucial for maintaining basal levels of SA and JA, and for the proper induction of defense pathways upon BPH attack.