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Related Concept Videos

Porosity in Cement Paste01:18

Porosity in Cement Paste

119
The porosity of concrete is a measure of the void spaces within its structure. These spaces impact its strength and durability significantly. When water and cement interact, a chemical reaction called hydration creates a semi-solid paste. This paste includes combined water, making up approximately 23% of the cement's dry mass, and gel water, which fills minuscule voids known as gel pores, accounting for about 28% of the cement gel volume.
The balance of water to cement in the mix is...
119
Pore Size Distribution01:23

Pore Size Distribution

105
In concrete, the pore size distribution significantly influences the material's properties. Capillary pores, markedly larger than gel pores, form a vast network within partially hydrated cement paste, reducing the concrete's strength and increasing its permeability. This heightened permeability leads to a greater risk of damage from environmental factors like freeze-thaw cycles and chemical attacks, with the extent of vulnerability also being tied to the water-to-cement ratio.
Adequate...
105
Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

207
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
207
Transition Zone01:28

Transition Zone

84
The transition zone in concrete is a critical area where aggregate meets cement paste, marked by a distinct porosity and weakness compared to the surrounding material. The adhesion around the aggregates is primarily due to Van Der Waals forces. The voids within this zone influence its robustness; initially, it is less durable than the surrounding bulk mortar due to larger voids. Initially, when concrete is compacted, a higher water-cement ratio near the aggregates leads to the formation of...
84
Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

223
The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
223
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

121
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
121

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Updated: Jun 16, 2025

Determination of Aggregate Surface Morphology at the Interfacial Transition Zone ITZ
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Microstructure Evolution of Cement Paste Based on a Continuous Hydration Model for Irregular Polyhedral Particles.

Hong Huang1, Zhigang Zhu1, Yichen Li1

  • 1Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for modeling irregular cement particles, enhancing cement hydration. Irregular particles boost hydration and reduce porosity in cement paste.

Keywords:
cement hydrationdegree of hydrationirregular particlesnumerical simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Cement hydration is crucial for cement-based material properties.
  • Previous models often simplified cement particle geometry to spheres or regular polyhedra.
  • Real cement particles possess asymmetrical shapes, impacting hydration dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for constructing irregular polyhedral cement particles.
  • To investigate the effect of irregular particle geometry on cement hydration.
  • To predict the microstructural evolution of cement paste using irregular particles.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computational method to generate irregular polyhedral cement particles.
  • Utilized a continuum-based hydration model (HYD-NSP) for non-spherical particles.
  • Simulated cement paste microstructure evolution with irregular polyhedral particles.

Main Results:

  • Irregular polyhedral particles exhibit higher specific surface areas compared to spherical or regular polyhedral ones.
  • The enhanced specific surface area significantly increases the degree of cement hydration.
  • Reduced porosity in cement paste was observed when using irregular polyhedral particles.

Conclusions:

  • The geometry of cement particles significantly influences hydration kinetics and microstructure.
  • Modeling irregular cement particles provides a more accurate representation of real cementitious composites.
  • Irregular particle shapes offer a pathway to optimize cement paste performance, enhancing durability and reducing porosity.