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Advanced Non-Destructive Testing Simulation and Modeling Approaches for Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Pipes: A Review.

Jan Lean Tai1, Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan1,2,3, Andrzej Łukaszewicz4

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Summary

Advanced digital non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, including machine learning, enhance fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) pipe defect detection. However, field-deployable solutions for these composite pipes require further development and validation.

Keywords:
carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP)fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)finite element method (FEM)modelingnon-destructive testing (NDT)simulation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Engineering
  • Non-Destructive Testing

Background:

  • Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) pipes offer advantages over metallic pipes but their complex nature challenges traditional non-destructive testing (NDT).
  • Anisotropic and heterogeneous properties of FRP pipes complicate defect detection and characterization, necessitating advanced inspection techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review recent advancements in digital NDT for composite materials, focusing on FRP pipes.
  • To highlight the role of numerical modeling, machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) in improving defect detection and predictive maintenance for FRP pipes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of 140 peer-reviewed articles (2016-2024).
  • Analysis of numerical techniques (FEM, Monte Carlo simulations) for virtual defect modeling and parameter optimization.
  • Evaluation of ML and DL algorithms for automated defect classification, segmentation, and severity assessment.

Main Results:

  • Digital NDT methods significantly enhance defect detection sensitivity and automate data interpretation for composite materials.
  • Numerical modeling improves inspection reliability, while ML/DL reduce inspection time and human dependency.
  • A critical gap exists in translating advanced digital NDT methods into field-deployable solutions for FRP piping systems.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced digital NDT shows significant promise for FRP pipe inspection, offering enhanced accuracy and efficiency.
  • Dedicated research is needed to develop validated digital models, application-specific datasets, and industry-aligned protocols for FRP pipes.
  • Bridging the gap between digital NDT advancements and practical FRP pipe inspection is crucial for lifecycle management.