Association Between Oral Function and Oral-Related Quality of Life in Independent Community-Dwelling Elderly People...

Oral health is an important element of overall health and quality of life. However, few studies have evaluated the association between quality of life (QOL) and oral function, including tongue and lip movements. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between oral-related QOL and oral function, including tongue and lip movements, in independent elderly people.

The participants were 143 community-dwelling elderly people in Taiwan (40 men, 103 women; 76.4 ± 6.4 years). We used the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) to evaluate oral-related QOL. The items used to evaluate oral function were as follows: the speed of tongue movement from side to side, maximum tongue pressure, maximum lip pressure, the repeated saliva swallowing test, oral diadochokinesis (speed and dexterity when pronouncing /pa/, /ta/, and /ka/), and masticatory performance. In addition, we surveyed the number of remaining teeth, denture use, and awareness of problems at mealtimes. For the analysis, we compared the GOHAI score for each group, divided by cutoff values.

The univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the GOHAI score according to denture use, the number of remaining teeth, the state of occlusal support areas, the speed of tongue movement from side to side, oral diadochokinesis /ta/ and /ka/, and masticatory performance. The logistic regression analysis revealed that oral diadochokinesis /ka/ was a significant explanatory variable for low GOHAI scores (odds ratio = 13.145).

Our results imply that lower oral-related QOL was associated with slow motor function at the rear area of the tongue.