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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Animal Science

Background:

  • Gut microbiota composition is vital for host health and can be affected by age and disease.
  • Understanding these changes in dogs is crucial for their well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gut microbiota diversity in dogs across different age groups (Junior, Adult, Senior).
  • To examine the impact of osteoarthritis (OA) on canine gut microbial composition.
  • To identify age- and OA-related bacterial taxa shifts.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed gut microbiota diversity (alpha and beta) in 175 dogs across three age groups.
  • Compared microbiota between healthy dogs and dogs with OA.
  • Utilized Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) Effect Size (LEfSe) for taxonomic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Senior dogs showed significant differences in alpha diversity (Shannon and Chao1 indices).
  • No significant clustering was observed in beta diversity across age groups or between healthy and OA dogs.
  • Distinct bacterial taxa were enriched in Junior (e.g., Blautia), Adult (e.g., Prevotella), and Senior (e.g., Prevotella) dogs.
  • OA dogs showed enrichment in specific bacteria (e.g., Peptococcus, Peptostreptococcus) compared to healthy dogs.

Conclusions:

  • Canine gut microbiota diversity varies significantly with age.
  • While overall diversity is stable, specific bacterial taxa are differentially enriched based on age and the presence of osteoarthritis.
  • These findings offer insights into age- and disease-related microbial signatures in dogs.