Long-Term Outcomes of Rituximab Therapy in Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) represents a difficult blood condition that researchers are now positive about treating with rituximab. A systematic review together with a meta-analysis presents findings about rituximab's effectiveness and safety as a treatment against conventional therapy among patients. Data selection occurred through MEDLINE and Embase, along with the Cochrane Library, while the study only accepted research pairing rituximab treatment with traditional AIHA control techniques. The analysis of the study incorporated 10 high-quality research papers to understand patient data, along with ADAMTS13 activity measurements, therapeutic responses, and treatment results. Available results show that rituximab achieves superior outcomes by enhancing remission rates and minimizing plasma exchange requirements together with reduced relapse frequencies during administration through two different protocols at 375 mg/m² weekly for four weeks or 1000 mg in two doses. Results showed that rituximab treatment enabled higher ADAMTS13 activity values, while patients needed fewer plasma exchange procedures when compared to patients who received standard therapy. Steroid use persisted while healthcare providers administered intravenous immunoglobulin and immunosuppressant medications to particular patient groups. Many studies show that rituximab generates prolonged remission benefits and keeps patients safe from adverse effects. Detailed randomized controlled trials need to proceed because treatment designs conflict and patient profiles vary between studies. The review demonstrates that rituximab functions as an effective treatment alternative for AIHA patients who demonstrate positive outcomes and show potential for wider clinical use.