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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
13.4K
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  11. Multilayer Graphene Crystals With Enhanced Performances In Oxygen Reduction And Zinc-air Batteries Via Interlayer Carbon Promoted O[double Bond, Length As M-dash]o Bond Dissociation

Multilayer graphene crystals with enhanced performances in oxygen reduction and zinc-air batteries via interlayer carbon promoted O[double bond, length as m-dash]O bond dissociation

Yongfang Qu1,2, Qian Tang3, Dandan Wang1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University Shaoxing 312000 China hebing@usx.edu.cn fjliu@usx.edu.cn.

Chemical Science
|June 13, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed novel nitrogen-doped multilayer graphene crystals using mechanochemistry and carbonization. These metal-free catalysts exhibit record-breaking oxygen reduction reaction performance for advanced zinc-air batteries.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalyst activity is limited by O-O bond activation.
  • Developing high-performance, metal-free ORR catalysts remains a significant challenge.
  • Precious metal catalysts often face cost and scarcity issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize novel nitrogen-containing, micropore-penetrated multilayer graphene crystals (NM-MGCs).
  • To investigate the ORR catalytic activity of NM-MGCs as a metal-free alternative.
  • To evaluate the performance of NM-MGCs in flexible and flow zinc-air batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Mechanochemical polymerization of pyrrole followed by tandem carbonization.
  • Fabrication of NM-MGCs with abundant barrier-free nanochannels.

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  • Electrochemical testing of NM-MGCs as air cathodes in zinc-air batteries.

    • Main Results:

    • NM-MGCs exhibit enhanced O2 activation via adsorption-configuration-induced O-O bond dissociation with near-zero energy barrier.
    • Achieved record-breaking ORR performance among metal-free catalysts.
    • Demonstrated high power density, specific capacity (815.30 mA h gZn−1), and long-term durability (>800 h) in Zn-air batteries.

    Conclusions:

    • NM-MGCs offer superior ORR activity and stability compared to commercial Pt/C and other reported catalysts.
    • The ordered multilayer structure and graphitic nitrogen contribute to efficient O-O bond cleavage.
    • These metal-free catalysts show great promise for next-generation energy storage devices like Zn-air batteries.