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Updated: Jun 15, 2025

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity
Published on: June 12, 2019
Michail Arvanitidis1, Hon Hin Ken Mak1, Eduardo Martinez-Valdes1
1Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham - UK.
The Neuromuscular Cranio-Cervical Device (NOD) shows strong validity and reliability for measuring neck extension strength and good reliability for flexion. This portable tool offers a promising alternative for assessing neck muscle strength in clinical settings.
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