Conidiobolus spp.: A Rare Pathogen Causing Rhino-Facial Entomophthoramycosis: A Case Series
Abha Gupta1, Vismit Mungi1, Vishwakarma Neeru Anil1
1Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Abstract:
Rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis is a rare chronic fungal infection caused by Conidiobolus spp., primarily affecting the nasal and facial regions of immunocompetent individuals in tropical and subtropical areas. This case series describes five patients diagnosed with this condition over three years at a district hospital. Patients presented with progressive rhinofacial swelling, nasal obstruction, and eosinophilia. Diagnosis was confirmed through fungal cultures on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Lactophenol Cotton Blue mounts, which identified characteristic conidia. Treatment included potassium iodide with cotrimoxazole or itraconazole, administered for 7-12 weeks. All patients responded well to therapy, with no recurrences observed during follow-ups lasting up to 8 months. This study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and awareness of this condition to prevent severe morbidity and facial disfigurement.
Insights
Rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis, a fungal infection, can be effectively treated with antifungal medications. Early diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition prevent facial disfigurement and improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Dermatology
Background:
- Rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis is a rare, chronic fungal infection caused by Conidiobolus spp.
- It primarily affects the nasal and facial regions of immunocompetent individuals in tropical and subtropical areas.
Observation:
- A case series of five patients diagnosed with rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis over three years at a district hospital.
- Patients presented with progressive rhinofacial swelling, nasal obstruction, and eosinophilia.
Findings:
- Diagnosis was confirmed via fungal cultures and Lactophenol Cotton Blue mounts, identifying characteristic conidia.
- Treatment with potassium iodide and cotrimoxazole or itraconazole for 7-12 weeks resulted in good patient response.
Implications:
- This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and awareness of rhinofacial entomophthoramycosis.
- Prompt treatment can prevent severe morbidity and facial disfigurement associated with this infection.
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