Challenges of Gingival Surgery Approaches in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: A Systematic Review

Dental implants are an effective method to replace fixed and removable prostheses that were traditionally used. To properly treat peri-implantitis, early diagnosis, and continuous and timely patient monitoring are essential. This review was conducted to assess the challenges of gingival surgery approaches in the treatment of peri-implantitis to help dentists in this field. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was conducted between 2021 and the end of 2024. Two independent reviewers screened the studies based on the abstracts of each of them. In case of discrepancies, a third reviewer also judged the disagreements. Data from the articles were extracted in designed forms so that the key findings of each study could be discussed, including the name of the first author, year of publication, and key findings. Based on the search keywords 541, studies were found from the datasets. 498 studies were screened using title and abstract evaluation, and finally 14 articles were included in the study. Finally, we have briefly reviewed the challenges of gingival surgery approaches in the treatment of peri-implantitis. It is concluded that successful management of peri-implantitis requires careful clinical assessment, appropriate treatment planning, and selection of effective surgical techniques. Regular periodontal care, careful control of soft and hard tissues, and patient participation in oral hygiene play a key role in prevention and treatment.