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Related Concept Videos

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Axilla

Procedural Guide for Assessing Axillary Body Temperature using a Digital Thermometer:
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and put on clean gloves to maintain infection control and prevent cross-contamination.
Step 2: Prepare the patient by explaining the procedure to ensure understanding and cooperation. Ensure privacy, expose the axilla, and inform the patient that minimal movement is crucial for an accurate reading.
Step 3: Adjust the patient’s clothing to expose only the axilla. It minimizes...
Requirements for Human Life01:26

Requirements for Human Life

The Earth and its atmosphere have provided humans with air, water, and food, but these are not the only requirements for survival. Humans also require a specific range of temperature and pressure that the Earth and its atmosphere provides.
Oxygen
Atmospheric air is only about 20 percent oxygen, but that oxygen is a key component of the chemical reactions that keep the body alive, including the reactions that produce ATP. Brain cells are susceptible to a lack of oxygen because they require a...
Thermoregulation01:26

Thermoregulation

The human body has a sophisticated thermoregulation system that employs negative feedback mechanisms to maintain an optimal core temperature. When the core temperature drops, peripheral and central thermoreceptors send signals to the hypothalamus, activating the heat-promoting center. This center triggers several responses aimed at increasing the core temperature. First, vasoconstriction reduces the flow of warm blood from internal organs to the skin so that the heat is not lost from the skin,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 22, 2026

Rat Model of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder
04:46

Rat Model of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder

Published on: September 28, 2018

7.3K

Basic Science Research in Frozen Shoulder: Current Updates.

Jun-Young Kim1, Nitesh Gahlot2, Hyung Bin Park3

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Indian Journal of Orthopaedics
|June 13, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) involves progressive stiffness due to unclear causes. Basic science research is crucial for understanding its mechanisms and developing targeted therapies.

Keywords:
Capsular fibrosisFrozen shoulderInflammationMetabolic disordersTherapeutic interventions

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 22, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Frozen shoulder (FS) is a debilitating condition causing progressive shoulder stiffness.
  • Its exact causes and mechanisms are not fully understood but may involve genetics, inflammation, and trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review basic science literature on frozen shoulder.
  • To identify key molecular pathways and potential therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar.
  • Keywords: "frozen shoulder," "adhesive capsulitis," focusing on basic science.

Main Results:

  • Chronic inflammation in FS activates cytokines and growth factors.
  • This leads to increased extracellular matrix turnover, fibroblast activation, and collagen deposition, causing fibrosis and reduced mobility.

Conclusions:

  • Frozen shoulder has multifactorial triggers requiring further research.
  • Basic science studies are vital for identifying biomarkers and advancing treatments for frozen shoulder.