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Insect Protein to Support Human Skeletal Muscle Anabolism: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.

James A G Rutherford1, Ruan M Elliott1, Geoffrey P Knott

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Insect protein supports skeletal muscle anabolism similarly to animal protein, offering a sustainable alternative with a lower environmental impact. This makes insects a viable option for meeting high protein needs, especially for active individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sustainable Food Systems

Background:

  • Growing environmental concerns necessitate sustainable food sources.
  • Insects offer a protein-rich alternative to traditional animal foods.
  • Insects possess a favorable amino acid profile for dietary needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effects of insect protein versus animal protein on skeletal muscle anabolism and adaptation.
  • To explore insect protein's utility for populations with elevated protein requirements.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted systematic database searches using terms like "edible insects" and "insect protein."
  • Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adult humans comparing insect and animal protein.
  • Measured outcomes such as protein bioavailability, anabolic response, and skeletal muscle adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Four RCTs (100 participants) were analyzed.
  • Some studies showed higher aminoacidemia with insect protein, while others favored whey.
  • No significant differences in skeletal muscle anabolism were found between insect and animal protein sources post-exercise.

Conclusions:

  • Insect protein is a viable alternative to animal protein for supporting skeletal muscle anabolism.
  • Insects provide a sustainable protein source with a reduced environmental footprint.
  • Insect protein can aid muscle adaptation in individuals with high protein demands, such as athletes or those in physically demanding jobs.