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Related Concept Videos

Oxidation of Alcohols02:37

Oxidation of Alcohols

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In this lesson, the oxidation of alcohols is discussed in depth. The various reagents used for oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols are detailed, and their mechanism of action is provided.
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
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Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...
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This lesson delves into the conversion of alcohols to corresponding alkyl halides and the mechanism of action for different reagents. Typically, the hydroxyl group is first protonated to convert it to a stable leaving group. Consequently, based on the starting alcohol, the mechanism undergoes either of the nucleophilic substitution routes, SN1 or SN2. Tertiary alkyl halides are made using the two-step SN1 mechanism that occurs via a carbocation intermediate, which is stabilized by...
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Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Environmental Sciences
  7. Environmental Biotechnology
  9. Bioremediation
  11. Photoredox Dechlorination Of The Fungicide Chlorothalonil With Sodium Lignosulfonate In Water.
  1. Home
  3. Research Domains
  5. Environmental Sciences
  7. Environmental Biotechnology
  9. Bioremediation
  11. Photoredox Dechlorination Of The Fungicide Chlorothalonil With Sodium Lignosulfonate In Water.

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Photoredox Dechlorination of the Fungicide Chlorothalonil with Sodium Lignosulfonate in Water.

Jingfeng Xue1, Taozhong Shi1, Xin Ma1

  • 1Department of Plant and Environmental Health, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Hazardous Factors and Risk Control of Agri-food Quality Safety, Anhui Agricultural University, No. 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, China.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|June 13, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sodium lignosulfonate (SL) significantly accelerates the removal of the toxic water contaminant chlorothalonil (CTL) through photodegradation. This environmentally friendly surfactant acts as a catalyst, offering a promising solution for chloroarene pollution.

Keywords:
chlorothalonilphotodegradationphotoenhancedphotolysis

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Photochemistry
  • Water Remediation

Background:

  • Chlorothalonil (CTL) is a persistent and toxic water contaminant, posing risks to aquatic ecosystems and amphibians.
  • Sodium lignosulfonate (SL) is a cost-effective, renewable, and biodegradable surfactant with potential environmental applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of sodium lignosulfonate (SL) on the photodegradation rate of chlorothalonil (CTL) under various light sources.
  • To elucidate the mechanism behind SL-enhanced CTL photodegradation.

Main Methods:

  • Photodegradation experiments were conducted using CTL in the presence and absence of SL under a high-pressure mercury lamp (HPML), UV lamp, xenon lamp, and natural sunlight.
  • Spectroscopic analysis and radical scavenging assays were employed to understand the reaction mechanism.
sodium lignosulfonate

Main Results:

  • SL significantly enhanced CTL photodegradation rates by 14 to 18.5 fold across different light conditions compared to controls.
  • The mechanism involves reductive dechlorination facilitated by SL's electron donation and radical scavenging properties.
  • SL's photoreductive capacity was shown to reduce hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen generation, promoting CTL dechlorination.

Conclusions:

  • Sodium lignosulfonate (SL) is an effective enhancer for the photodegradation of chlorothalonil (CTL).
  • SL acts as a photocatalyst, promoting reductive dechlorination and offering a sustainable approach for removing chloroarene pollutants from water.
  • The findings highlight the potential of SL in environmental remediation strategies for contaminated water bodies.