Chlorhexidine loaded nanomaterials for dental plaque control: enhanced antibacterial activity and biocompatibility

Chlorhexidine (Chx) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent in dentistry, but its effectiveness can be limited due to rapid clearance, potential cytotoxicity, and insufficient tissue penetration. Nanomaterials have been developed as carriers for Chx, can offer a solution by adapting to environmental changes during disease states and enabling targeted drug delivery. This study explores Chx-loaded nanomaterials, which show enhanced antibacterial properties, promote tissue regeneration, and facilitate drug diffusion. Results show sustained drug release profiles and significantly enhanced antimicrobial activity compared to free Chx. In vitro studies confirm their effectiveness against key dental pathogens while maintaining excellent biocompatibility with human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. Future research should focus on optimizing the formulation and delivery methods of these nanomaterials to ensure safe, effective treatment of dental infections.